containment bag comprising a sealed first compartment containing a first water soluble film composit

专利摘要:
WATER SOLUBLE FILM THAT HAS IMPROVED DISSOLUTION AND TENSION PROPERTIES, AND PACKAGES PRODUCED FROM IT. The present invention relates to a bag having at least one sealed compartment containing a first composition. At least one wall of at least one sealed compartment is produced from a water soluble film having any suitable thickness. The water-soluble film comprises a PVOH polymer so that when the film is about 76 microns thick the film is characterized by a dissolution index of from about 620 to about 920, or from about 665 to about 920, or about 710 to about 920; and a strain index of about 145 to about 626, or about 155 to about 480, or about 165 to about 325.
公开号:BR112012018994B1
申请号:R112012018994-8
申请日:2011-01-31
公开日:2021-05-04
发明作者:Steven G. Friedrich；Frank William Denome；Regine Labeque；David M. Lee；Jichun Shi；Andrew P. Verrall；Roxane Rosmaniho
申请人:The Procter & Gamble Company；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[001] This description refers, in general, to water-soluble films and containment bags that comprise water-soluble films. More particularly, the description relates to water soluble films and containment bags which comprise water soluble films having desired characteristics, including good cold water solubility, resistance to wetting by hand moisture and mechanical properties. BACKGROUND
[002] Water-soluble polymer films are commonly used as a packaging material to simplify the dispersion, flow, dissolution and dosing of the material to be used. For example, containment bags made from water-soluble film are commonly used to package home care compositions such as laundry or dish detergent. The consumer can directly add the pouched composition to a mixing container such as a bucket, sink or washing machine. Advantageously, this provides accurate dosing while eliminating the need for the consumer to measure composition. The pouch composition can also reduce the mess that would be associated with dispensing a similar composition from a container, such as pouring a liquid laundry detergent from a bottle. In summary, soluble premeasured polymeric film containment bags provide a convenience for consumer use in a variety of applications.
[003] Some water-soluble polymeric films that are used to create the containment bags currently available on the market may incompletely dissolve during the wash cycle, leaving film residue on items present in the wash. Such problems can arise particularly when the containment bag is used under stressful washing conditions, such as when the containment bag is used in cold water, i.e. up to 5°C. Notably, environmental concerns and energy costs are driving consumer desire to use cooler wash water.
[004] On the other hand, water-soluble polymeric films that completely dissolve in cold water can be very sensitive to the absolute and relative humidity of the air to make containment bags for the consumer market. For example, high humidity or water droplets from handling the containment bags with wet hands can cause the containment bags to stick and/or dissolve through the package film and cause the contents of the containment bag to leak.
[005] Containment bags produced from films comprising polyvinyl alcohol polymers have dealt with the aforementioned issues with some success. However, in relation to the shelf life of these containment bags, the cold water solubility of some polyvinyl alcohol films may decrease when they are in contact with certain detergent compositions. Without sticking to theory, it is believed that the film becomes less soluble due to chemical interactions between the film and the composition inside the containment bag. Consequently, as they age, these containment bags can become incompletely dissolved during a wash cycle and can, in turn, leave film residue on items present in the wash.
[006] Containment bags produced from water-soluble films comprising polymers in addition to polyvinyl alcohol polymers may fail to properly handle each of the aforementioned problems. For example, a polymeric film comprising starch and/or cellulosics can provide good resistance to wetting by hand moisture. Furthermore, to achieve good cold water solubility, such a film can be so thin that its mechanical properties, including those related to processability, will be compromised. Furthermore, films comprising starch and/or cellulosics are not easily processable, given their relative lack of mechanical extension or elongation ability when compared to films of similar thickness comprising polyvinyl alcohol polymers.
[007] Therefore, there remains a need for containment bags comprising water-soluble films containing desired characteristics of good cold water solubility, even when aged, resistance to wetting by hand moisture, and mechanical properties including, but not limited to, to good processability. SUMMARY
[008] The present description presents a means of dealing with each of the aforementioned problems by providing water-soluble films having an innovative combination of characteristics. These characteristics are respectively quantified below.
[009] Cold water solubility is quantified as the Dissolution Time of a film. Dissolution Time is measured using the Slide Dissolution Test shown.
[010] The resistance to wetting by hand moisture is quantified by the sensitivity of a film in relation to general and relative humidity, that is, the wet handling characteristics of the film. Resistance to wetting by hand moisture is measured using the Break Resistance Test presented below.
[011] These two physical characteristics are combined to provide the Dissolution Index of a film. Since each of these parameters relate to different aspects of the consumer experience, that is, the residue of the containment bag on washed clothing and the containment bags stuck together due to contact with wet hands, they are considered differently in the equation used. for the Dissolution Index, as defined in equation (1): (1) Dissolution Index = 7*(Dissolution Time) + (Rupture Strength)
[012] The mechanical properties of a film are quantified by its stress at 100% elongation and its ultimate tensile strength. These quantities are measured using ASTM D 882, "Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheets".
[013] These two mechanical properties of the film are combined to provide the Tensile Index of a film as defined by the following equation (2): (2) Tensile Index = (100% Tensile Elongation) * (Tension Strength Limit)
[014] Without sticking to theory, it is believed that a film having a Dissolution Index that is too high, ie above about 920, can provide a containment bag that dissolves incompletely during use. On the other hand, it is believed that a film that has a Dissolution Index that is too low, ie less than about 620, can provide a containment bag that is very sensitive to general and relative humidity for the consumer market. Additionally, it is believed that a film that has a Tensile Index that is too high, ie above about 626, may be difficult to process in a containment bag due to the difficulty of molding in a cavity. On the other hand, it is believed that a film that has a Tensile Index that is too low, ie less than about 145, may be susceptible to hole formation during processing in a containment bag.
[015] Containment bags, according to the present description, have at least one sealed compartment containing a first composition, wherein at least one wall of at least one sealed compartment is made of a water-soluble film having any suitable thickness, the water-soluble film comprising one or more polymers of polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) such that when the film has a thickness of about 76 microns (µm), it is characterized by: (a) a Dissolution Index of about 620 to about 920, or from about 665 to about 920, or about 710 to about 920; and (b) a Tensile Index of about 145 to about 626, or about 155 to about 480, or about 165 to about 325. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[016] The present description can be more easily understood with reference to the figures of the attached drawings, in which:
[017] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a test apparatus used to determine water disintegration and dissolution times of film samples;
[018] Figure 2 is a perspective view of a test apparatus and test preparation illustrating the procedure for determining the water solubility of film samples; and
[019] Figure 3 is a top view of the test preparation of Figure 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Definitions
[020] The term "comprising", as used in the present invention, means that various components, ingredients or steps may be employed together in the practice of the present description. Consequently, the term "comprising" encompasses the narrower terms "consisting essentially of" and "consisting of". The present compositions may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of any of the necessary and optional elements set forth in the present invention.
[021] The term "aged" film for use in the present invention means a film that has been exposed to (or in contact with) a liquid and/or powder composition for an extended period of time that represents a realistic experience of consumer use , that is, from the manufacture of the product, transport and storage in homes to the use of the product. A method of "aging" the film for testing purposes is described in detail below.
[022] The term "fresh" film for use in the present invention means a film that has not been exposed to liquid or powder composition for a consumer intended cleaning product. This film may have been exposed to moisture in the ambient air through typical film transport and/or storage in production plants.
[023] The term "liquid" for use in the present invention includes pastes, liquids, gels, foams and mousse. Some non-limiting examples of liquids include: light duty and heavy duty liquid detergent compositions, fabric enhancers, hard surface cleaning compositions, detergent gels commonly used for laundry and dish cleaning, bleach and additives for laundry clothes, shampoos, liquid body soaps and other personal care compositions. Gases (eg suspended bubbles or solid material, eg particles) may be included together with the liquid.
[024] The term "solid" for use in the present invention includes powders, agglomerates or mixtures thereof. Some non-limiting examples of solids include: microcapsules; spheres; spaghetti; and pearl balls. Solids, for example solid compositions, can provide a technical benefit including, but not limited to, wash-in benefits, pre-treatment benefits and/or aesthetic effects.
[025] The term "fabric care benefit agent" for use in the present invention means any material that can provide fabric care benefits, such as fabric softener, color protection, lint/ball reduction, anti-abrasion, anti-creasing and the like, for garments and fabrics, particularly in cotton and garments composed of cotton and fabrics, when an adequate amount of the material is present in the garment/fabric. Some non-limiting examples of beneficial fabric care agents include cationic surfactants, silicone, polyolefin waxes, latex, oily sugar derivatives, cationic polysaccharides, polyurethanes, fatty acids and mixtures thereof.
[026] The term "deposition aid" for use in the present invention refers to any cationic polymer or combination of cationic polymers that significantly enhance the deposition of a fabric treatment benefit agent on the fabric during the washing process.
[027] All percentages, parts and ratios are based on the total dry weight of the film composition or the total weight of the composition contained in the package of the present description and all measurements are made at about 25°C, unless specified by another way. All of these weights, as long as they belong to the aforementioned ingredients, are based on the active level and therefore do not include vehicles or by-products that may be included in commercially available materials, unless otherwise specified.
[028] All numerical ranges presented in the present invention are intended to cover each individual number within the range and also to cover any combination between the upper and lower limits of the ranges.
[029] The dimensions and values presented in the present invention should not be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values mentioned. Rather, unless otherwise specified, each of these dimensions is intended to mean both the mentioned value and a range of functionally equivalent values around that value. For example, a dimension displayed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm".
[030] The containment bags described herein comprise a water-soluble film. The water-soluble film, containment bags comprising the water-soluble film, compositions contained with the bags (i.e., "containment bag compositions"), packaging for the bags, and washing processes using a bag are described further below. in this document.
[031] For use in the present invention, the terms pack(s) and containment bag(s) shall be considered interchangeable. In certain embodiments, the terms package(s) and bag(s), respectively, are used to refer to a container produced using the film and a sealed container preferably containing a material sealed therein, for example, in the form of a bespoke dose delivery system. Sealed bags can be produced by any suitable method, including such processes and features as thermobonding, solvent welding and adhesive bonding (eg using a water-soluble adhesive). WATER SOLUBLE FILM
[032] The containment bags described herein comprise a water-soluble film. The water soluble film comprises a total of about 50% by weight of a PVOH polymer resin which comprises one or more PVOH polymers. The film may have any suitable thickness so that when the film has a thickness of about 76 microns (μm), it is characterized by: (a) a Dissolution Index of about 620 to about 920, or about from 665 to about 920, or from about 710 to about 920; and (b) a Tensile Index of about 145 to about 626, or about 155 to about 480, or about 165 to about 325. The film may optionally have one or more of the following characteristics:
[033] The film described here includes one or more polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) polymers to create the PVOH resin content of the film. One or a plurality of PVOH polymers can be selected or blended by the instructions contained herein to create an article, such as a film, that is soluble in aqueous solutions. High molecular weight PVOH polymers offer comparatively good residual moisture resistance, but with poor solubility and difficult to thermoform, in part due to the thermal sensitivity of the PVOH polymer. Low molecular weight PVOH polymers offer good cold water solubility, but are too reactive to residual moisture to function in a commercial or consumer environment and difficult to thermoform, in part, due to hole formation and subsequent permeabilization when filled with liquids. or gels.
[034] Polyvinyl alcohol is a synthetic resin in general prepared by alcoholysis, commonly called hydrolysis or saponification, of polyvinyl acetate. Fully hydrolyzed PVOH, in which virtually all acetate groups have been converted to alcoholic groups, is a highly crystalline polymer, with strong hydrogen bonding, that dissolves only in hot water - temperatures greater than about 60 °C (about 60 °C). 140°F). If a sufficient amount of acetate groups are allowed to remain after hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate, that is, if the PVOH polymer is partially hydrolyzed, then the polymer has weaker, less crystalline hydrogen bonds and is generally soluble in cold water - temperatures of less than about 10 °C (about 50 °F). As such, the partially hydrolyzed polymer is a vinyl acetate-vinyl alcohol copolymer, that is, a PVOH copolymer. Therefore, one or more partially hydrolyzed PVOH copolymers are used in the described compositions.
[035] The total PVOH resin content of the film can have a degree of hydrolysis of at least 80%, 84% or 85% and at most about 92%, 90%, 89%, 88%, or 87 %, for example, in the range of about 84% to about 90%, or 85% to 88%, or 86.5%. For use in the present invention, the degree of hydrolysis is expressed as a percentage of vinyl acetate units converted to vinyl alcohol units.
[036] The viscosity of a PVOH polymer (m) is determined by measuring a freshly prepared solution using a Brookfield viscometer, series LV, with UL adapter, as described in British Standard EN ISO 15023-2:2006 Annex E Brookfield Test method. It is international practice to report viscosity in 4% aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solutions at 20°C. All viscosities specified of the present invention in Centipoise (cP) are to be understood with reference to the viscosity of the 4% aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution at 20°C, unless otherwise specified. Similarly, when a resin is described as having (or not) a particular viscosity, unless otherwise specified, it is understood that the specified viscosity is the average viscosity for the resin, which inherently has a corresponding molecular weight distribution. . Depending on the PVOH resin, the polydispersity index (PDI) of the resin can range from 1.5 to about 5 or more. The PDI of commercial PVOH polymers typically is in the range of about 1.8 to about 2.3, and typical commercial PVOH polymers can have a PDI as low as 1.7 and as high as 2.9. These commercial PVOH polymers are typically distinguished based on a specified nominal viscosity and a specified degree of hydrolysis; for example MOWIOL 13-88 has a specified nominal viscosity of 13 cP and a specified degree of hydrolysis of 88%.
[037] The PVOH resin can have an average viscosity of at least about 13.5 cP, 14 cP, 15 cP, 16 cP or 17 cP and at most about 20 cP, 19 cP, 18 cP, 17 .5 cP, for example in the range of about 13.5 cP to about 20 cP, or about 14 cP to about 19 cP, or about 16 cP to about 18 cP, or about 17 cP to about of 17.5 cP. It is well known in the art that the viscosity of PVOH resins is correlated with the weight average molecular weight (ww) of the PVOH resin and often viscosity is used as a bridge to the Mw. Therefore, the teachings in the present description regarding the effects of changes in PVOH resin viscosity on the performance or characteristics of water-soluble films presented in the present invention correspondingly apply to the effects of changes in PVOH resin Mw on equal properties.
[038] Commercially available PVOH resins typically have a polydispersity value index (PDI) of about 1.8 to about 2.2. The total PVOH resin content for use in the present invention can have a PDI value of at least 1.3, 1.5, 1.8, 2, 2.5, 3, and at most 6, 5.5, 5 , 4.5, 4, 3.5, for example, in the range of about 1 to about 5, or about 2 to about 4.5, or about 2.5 to about 4. PVOH POLYMER MIXTURE
[039] The PVOH resin can include a mixture of PVOH polymers. For example, the PVOH resin can include at least two PVOH polymers, whereby for use in the present invention, the first PVOH polymer has a lower viscosity than the second PVOH polymer. A first PVOH polymer may have a viscosity of at least about 8 cP, 10 cP, 12 cP, or 13 cP and at most about 40 cP, 20 cP, 15 cP, or 13 cP, for example in the range of about from 8 cP to about 40 cP, or about 10 cP to about 20 cP, or about 10 cP to about 15 cP, or about 12 cP to about 14 cP, or 13 cP. Additionally, a second PVOH polymer may have a viscosity of at least about 10 cP, 20 cP, or 22 cP and at most about 40 cP, 30 cP, 25 cP, or 24 cP, for example in the range of about 10 cP to about 40 cP, or 20 to about 30 cP, or about 20 to about 25 cP, or about 22 to about 24, or about 23 cP.
[040] The individual PVOH polymers can have any suitable degree of hydrolysis, as long as the degree of hydrolysis of the total PVOH resin content is in the ranges described here.
[041] Optionally, the PVOH resin may, in addition or alternatively, include a first PVOH polymer having a Mw in the range of about 50,000 to about 300,000 Daltons, or about 60,000 to about 150,000 Daltons; and a second PVOH polymer that has a Mw in the range of about 60,000 to about 300,000 Daltons, or about 80,000 to about 250,000 Daltons.
[042] The PVOH resin can further include one or more additional PVOH polymers that have a viscosity in the range of about 10 to about 40 cP and a degree of hydrolysis in the range of about 84% to about 92 %.
[043] When the PVOH resin includes a first PVOH polymer having an average viscosity less than about 11 cP and a polydispersity index in the range of about 1.8 to about 2.3, then in one type in an embodiment the PVOH resin contains less than about 30% by weight of the first PVOH polymer. Similarly, the PVOH resin may contain less than about 30% by weight of a PVOH polymer having a Mw of less than about 70,000 Daltons.
[044] Of the total PVOH resin content in the film described herein, the PVOH resin may comprise about 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 , 80, 85, 90 weight percent (%) of the first PVOH polymer, and about 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80 , 85.90 weight percent (%) of the second PVOH polymer, for example about 30 to about 85% by weight of the first PVOH polymer, or about 45 to about 55% by weight of the first PVOH polymer . For example, the PVOH resin can contain about 50% by weight of each PVOH polymer, with the viscosity of the first PVOH polymer being about 13 cP and the viscosity of the second PVOH polymer being about 23 cP.
[045] One type of modality is characterized by PVOH resin including about 40 to about 85% by weight of a first PVOH polymer having a viscosity in the range of 10 to about 15 cP and a degree of hydrolysis in the range from about 84% to about 92%. Another type of embodiment is characterized by the PVOH resin including about 45 to about 55% by weight of the first PVOH polymer which has a viscosity in the range of about 10 to about 15 cP and a degree of hydrolysis in the range of about 84% to about 92%. The PVOH resin can include about 15 to about 60% by weight of the second PVOH polymer which has a viscosity in the range of about 20 to about 25 cP and a degree of hydrolysis in the range of about 84 to about 92%. A contemplated class of embodiments is characterized by the PVOH resin including about 45 to about 55% by weight of the second PVOH polymer.
[046] When the PVOH resin includes a plurality of PVOH polymers, the PDI value of the resin is greater than the PDI value of any single included PVOH polymer. Optionally, the PDI value of the PVOH resin is greater than 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.5, or 5.0. FILM COMPOSITION
[047] The water-soluble film contains a total of at least about 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90% by weight of PVOH polymers.
[048] When choosing PVOH resin, it is desirable to choose a PVOH resin that has a PDI value greater than about 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, 3, 2, 3.4, 3.6, 3.8, 4.0, 4.2, 4.4, 4.6, 4.8, or 5.0; for example, the PDI value of the PVOH resin may be greater than the PDI value of any of the individual PVOH polymers included in the resin.
[049] Furthermore, it is desirable to choose a PVOH resin that has a heavy average degree of hydrolysis (Ho) between about 80 and about 92%, or between about 83 and about 90%, or about 85 and 89%. Ho is calculated by the formula
where Wi is the weight fraction of the respective PVOH polymers and Hi is the respective degree of hydrolysis.
[050] Still further, it is desirable to choose a PVOH resin that has a heavy viscosity average (µ) between 10 and about 25, or between about 12 and 22, or between about 13.5 and about 20. μ is calculated by the formula
where µi is the viscosity for the respective PVOH polymer.
[051] Still further, it is desirable to choose a PVOH resin that has a Resin Selection Index (RSI) in the range of 0.255 to 0.315, or 0.260 to 0.310, or 0.265 to 0.305, or 0.270 to 0.300, or 0.275 to 0.295 , preferably 0.270 to 0.300. RSI is calculated by the formula
where μt is seventeen, μ is the average viscosity of each of the respective PVOH polymers, and Wi is the weight fraction of the respective PVOH polymers.
[052] Optionally, the water-soluble film is preferably an independent support film consisting of one layer or a plurality of similar layers. The water soluble film may additionally and optionally consist essentially of the PVOH resin and the plasticizers and additives as described herein, and be essentially free of other film layers that could affect solubility, thermoforming performance, or both solubility and thermoforming performance .
[053] The PVOH resin portion of the film may essentially consist of, or consist entirely of, PVOH polymers. The water-soluble film may also comprise film-forming polymers in addition to PVOH polymers. These additional polymers can be present in the film at a weight percentage of about 0.1 to about 40%, or about 1 to about 30%, based on the total weight of the film. Some non-limiting examples include starch, cellulosic materials, sulfo-polyester and mixtures thereof. Some other non-limiting examples include: polyalkylene oxides, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cellulose, cellulose ethers, cellulose ester, cellulose amides, polyvinyl acetates, polycarboxylic acids and salts, polyamino acids or peptides, polyamides, polyacrylamide, copolymers of maleic/acrylic acids, polysaccharides including starch and gelatin, natural gums such as xanthan and carrageenan.
[054] The water-soluble film may contain other auxiliary agents and processing agents, such as, but not limited to, plasticizers, lubricants, release agents, fillers, extenders, crosslinking agents, anti-blocking agents, antioxidants, anti-tack agents, defoamers, nanoparticles such as layered silicate-type nanoclays (eg sodium montmorillonite), bleaching agents (eg sodium bisulfite or others) and other functional ingredients, in amounts suitable for their intended purpose. Modalities including plasticizers are preferred. The amount of such agents may be from about 50 to 20% by weight, or up to 15% by weight, or up to 10% by weight, or up to 5% by weight, for example up to 4% individually or collectively.
[055] The plasticizer may include, but is not limited to, glycerin, diglycerin, sorbitol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycols up to 400 MW, neopentyl glycol, trimethylol propane, polyether polyol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, ethanolamines, and combinations thereof. Preferred plasticizers are glycerin, sorbitol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, trimethylol propane and combinations thereof. The total amount of plasticizer can range from about 1 to about 40% by weight or about 10 to about 40% by weight, or about 15 to about 35% by weight, or about 20 to about 30% by weight, for example about 25% by weight. Combinations of glycerin, propylene glycol and sorbitol can be used. Optionally, glycerin can be used in an amount of about 5 to about 30% by weight, or about 5 to about 20% by weight, for example about 13% by weight. Optionally, propylene glycol can be used in an amount of from about 1 to about 20% by weight, or about 3 to about 10% by weight, for example about 6% by weight. Optionally, sorbitol can be used in an amount of about 1 to about 20% by weight, or about 2 to about 10% by weight, for example about 5% by weight.
[056] The water-soluble film may additionally have a residual moisture content of at least 4% by weight, for example in the range of about 4 to about 10% by weight, as measured by Karl Fischer titration.
[057] Additional specific embodiments of the invention include films that had the combined average degree of hydrolysis, heavy average viscosity and Resin Selection Index as shown in the individual cells in Table I below. Table I
FILM PRODUCTION METHOD
[058] A contemplated class of modalities is characterized by the water-soluble film being formed by, for example, mixing additives, co-casting or soldering the first PVOH polymer and the second PVOH polymer. If the polymers are first mixed with additives, then the water-soluble film is preferably formed by casting the resulting additive mixture to form a film. If polymers are welded, the water-soluble film can be formed by, for example, solvent or thermal welding.
[059] The film is useful to create a containment bag to store detergent composition that comprises cleaning assets, thus forming a package. Cleaning assets can take any form such as powders, gels, pastes, liquids, tablets or any combination thereof. The film is also useful for any other application where improved handling against moisture and low amounts of cold water residue is desired. The film forms at least one sidewall of the bag and/or pack, optionally the entire bag and/or pack, and preferably an outer surface of at least one sidewall.
[060] The film described here can also be used to produce a containment bag with two or more compartments made of the same film or in combination with films of other polymeric materials. Additional films can, for example, be obtained by casting, blowing, extruding or blow-extruding the same or a different polymeric material, as known in the art. In one type of embodiment, polymers, copolymers or derivatives of these substances suitable for use as an additional film are selected from polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyalkylene oxide, polyacrylic acid, cellulose, cellulose ethers, cellulose ester, cellulose starch , polyvinyl acetates, polycarboxylic acids and salts, polyamino acids or peptides, polyamides, polyacrylamide, maleic/acrylic acid copolymers, polysaccharides including starch and gelatin, natural gums like xanthan and carrageenan. For example, polymers can be selected from water-soluble polyacrylates and acrylate copolymers, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, maltodextrin, polymethacrylates and combinations thereof, or selected from polyvinyl alcohol, copolymers of polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and combinations thereof. One contemplated class of modalities is characterized by the level of polymer in the containment bag material, for example PVOH resin, as described above, being at least 60%. CONTAINMENT BAGS
[061] The containment bags of the present description comprise at least one sealed compartment. Thus, the pouches can comprise a single compartment or multiple compartments. In embodiments comprising multiple compartments, each compartment can contain identical and/or different compositions. In return, the compositions may take any suitable form, including, but not limited to, liquid, solid and combinations thereof). In some embodiments, the bag comprises first, second and third compartments, each of which respectively contain the first, second and third compositions. In some embodiments, compositions may be visually distinct, as described in European Patent Application No. 09161692.0 (filed June 2, 2009 and assigned to Procter & Gamble Company).
[062] Multi-compartment containment bag compartments may be the same or different size, and/or volume. The compartments of the multi-compartment containment bags can be separated or connected in any suitable way. In some embodiments, the second and/or third and/or subsequent compartments are superimposed on the first compartment. In one embodiment, the third compartment may be overlaid with the second compartment, which in turn is overlaid with the first compartment in a sandwich configuration. Alternatively, the second and third compartments can be superimposed on the first compartment. However, it is also equally envisioned that the first, second and optionally the third and subsequent compartments can be secured together in a side-by-side relationship. The compartments can be packed in a row, with each compartment being individually separable by a perforation line. Therefore, each compartment can be individually ripped from the rest of the row by the end user, for example, in order to pre-treat or post-treat a fabric with a composition of one compartment.
[063] In some embodiments, multi-compartment containment bags comprise three compartments consisting of a first wide compartment and two small compartments. The second and third smaller compartments are superimposed on the first larger compartment. The size and geometry of the compartments are chosen in such a way that this arrangement is achievable. The geometry of compartments can be the same or different. In some embodiments, both the second and optionally the third compartment have a different geometry and shape compared to the first compartment. In these modes, the second and optionally the third compartment are fitted into a design in the first compartment. The design can be decorative, educational or illustrative, for example, to illustrate a concept or instruction and/or used to indicate the origin of the product. In some embodiments, the first compartment is the largest compartment that has two wide faces sealed around the perimeter and the second compartment is smaller, covering less than 75% or less than 50% of the surface area of one face of the first compartment. . In embodiments in which there is a third compartment, the aforementioned anterior structure may be the same, but the second and third compartments cover less than about 60% or less than about 50%, or less than about 45% of the area. surface of one face of the first compartment.
[064] The containment bags of the present description may comprise one or more different films. For example, in single compartment arrangements, the containment bag can be produced from one wall which is folded in on itself and sealed at the ends, or alternatively two walls which have sealed the ends together. In multi-compartment embodiments, the bag can be produced from one or more films, such that any compartment of the bag can comprise walls made from a single film or multiple films having different compositions. In one embodiment, a multi-compartment containment bag comprises at least three walls: an outer top wall; an outer bottom wall; and a partition wall. The outer top wall and outer bottom wall are generally opposite and form the exterior of the containment bag. The partitioning wall is interior to the pouch and is attached to generally opposite exterior walls along a sealing line. The partitioning wall separates the interior of the multi-compartment containment bag into at least a first compartment and a second compartment.
[065] Containment bags can be produced using any suitable equipment and method. For example, single-compartment bags can be produced using vertical shape fill, vertical shape fill or rotary drum fill techniques common in the prior art. Such processes can be either continuous or intermittent. The film can be dampened and/or heated to increase its malleability. The method may also involve using a vacuum to apply the film in a suitable mold. The vacuum applying the film to the mold can be applied for about 0.2 seconds to about 5 seconds, or about 0.3 seconds to about 3 seconds, or about 0.5 seconds to about 1.5 seconds , once the film is on the horizontal portion of the surface. This vacuum can be such as to provide an under-pressure between 1 kPa (10 mbar) to 100 kPa (1000 mbar), or from 10 kPa (100 mbar) to 60 kPa (600 mbar), for example.
[066] The molds in which the bags can be produced can have any shape, length, width and depth, depending on the required dimensions of the containment bags. Molds can also vary in size and shape from one another if desired. For example, the volume of the final bags can be from about 5 ml to about 300 ml, or about 10 ml to 150 ml, or about 20 ml to about 100 ml, and the mold sizes can be adjusted from wake up.
[067] Heat can be applied to the film in the process commonly called thermoforming. Heat can be applied using any suitable means. For example, the film can be heated directly by passing it under a heating element or through hot air, before placing it on a surface or if it is already on the surface. Alternatively, it can be heated indirectly, for example by heating the surface or applying a hot item to the film. In some modalities, the film is heated using an infrared light. The film can be heated to a temperature of about 50 to about 150 °C, about 50 to about 120 °C, about 60 to about 130 °C, about 70 to about 120 °C, or about 60 to about 90 °C. Alternatively, the film can be moistened by any suitable means, for example, directly by spraying a wetting agent (including water, film material solutions or plasticizers for the film material) onto the film, before feeding it over the surface or, when on the surface, or indirectly by wetting the surface or by applying a damp item to the film.
[068] Once the film is heated and/or moistened, it can be inserted into a suitable mold, preferably using vacuum. Filling the molded film can be carried out using any suitable means. In some embodiments, the most preferred method will depend on product shape and required filling speed. In some modalities, the cast film is filled by in-line filling techniques. The filled open pouches are then closed using a second film by any suitable method. This can be done while in a horizontal position and in continuous and constant motion. Closure can be accomplished by continuously feeding a second film, preferably a water-soluble film, over and over the open bags and then preferably sealing the first and second film together, typically in the area between the molds and , that way, between the bags.
[069] Any suitable method of sealing the bag and/or individual compartments of the bag may be used. Some non-limiting examples of such means include thermobonding, solvent welding, moisture or solvent sealing, and combinations thereof. Typically, only the area that is to form the seal is treated with heat or solvent. Heat or solvent can be applied by any method, typically to the closure material and typically only to areas where the seal is to be formed. If a wet weld or seal, or a solvent is used, it may be preferable that heat is also applied. Solvent or moisture sealing/welding methods include selectively applying a solvent over the area between the molds or the closure material, for example, by spraying or stamping it onto these areas and then applying pressure to these areas to form the seal. Sealing cylinders and mats as described above (optionally also providing heat) can be used, for example.
[070] The formed bags can then be cut by a cutting device. Cutting can be performed using any known method. It may be preferred that the cut is also done in a continuous manner and preferably at a constant speed and preferably while in a horizontal position. The cutting device, for example, can be a sharp item or a hot item, so in the second case, the hot item 'burns' through the film/seal area.
[071] The different compartments of a multi-compartment bag can be manufactured together in a side-by-side style, the resulting bag, set, may or may not be cut apart. Alternatively, compartments can be made separately.
[072] In some embodiments, bags can be produced according to a process comprising the steps of: a) forming a first compartment (as described above); b) forming a recess between some or all of the closed compartments formed in step (a) to generate a molded secondary compartment superimposed above the first compartment; c) fill and close the second compartments through a third film; d) seal the first, second and third films; and e) cut the films to produce a multi-compartment bag
[073] The recess formed in step (b) can be achieved by applying vacuum to the compartment prepared in step a).
[074] In some embodiments, the second and/or third compartment(s) may be manufactured in a separate step and then combined with the first compartment as described in WO 2009/152031 (filed on June 13, 2008 and attributed to Procter & Gamble Company).
[075] In some embodiments, bags can be produced according to a process comprising the steps of: a) forming a first compartment, optionally with the use of heat and/or vacuum, with the use of a first film in a first forming machine; b) fill the first compartment with a complementary composition; c) in a second forming machine, deforming a second film, optionally using heat and vacuum, to make a second and optionally third molded compartment. d) fill the second and, optionally, the third compartments; e) sealing the second and, optionally, the third compartment with the use of a third film; f) placing the second and, optionally, the third compartments sealed over the first compartment; g) sealing the first, second and optionally the third compartments; and h) cut the films to produce a multi-compartment bag
[076] The first and second forming machines can be selected based on their suitability to carry out the above process. In some embodiments, the first forming machine is preferably a horizontal forming machine and the second forming machine is preferably a rotary drum forming machine, preferably located above the first forming machine.
[077] It should be understood that, through the use of suitable feeding stations, it is possible to manufacture multi-compartment bags incorporating numerous different or distinct compositions and/or different or distinct liquid, gel or paste compositions. CONTAINMENT BAG COMPOSITIONS
[078] The present containment bags can contain various compositions. A multi-compartment bag can contain the same or different composition in each separate compartment. This description function can be used to keep compositions containing incompatible ingredients (eg, bleaches and enzymes) physically separate or partitioned apart from each other. It is believed that such partitioning can extend the shelf life and/or decrease the physical instability of such ingredients. Additionally or alternatively, such partitioning may provide aesthetic benefits as described in European Patent Application Number 09161692.0 (filed June 2, 2009 and assigned to Procter & Gamble Company).
[079] Some non-limiting examples of useful compositions include light duty and heavy duty liquid detergent compositions, fabric enhancers, hard surface cleaning compositions, detergent gels commonly used for laundry and dish cleaning, bleaches and additives for washing clothes, shampoos, liquid body soaps and other personal care compositions. Compositions for use in gift bags can take the form of liquid, solid or powder. Liquid compositions can additionally comprise a solid. Solids can include powders or agglomerates such as microcapsules, capsules, spaghetti or one or more pearl beads or mixtures thereof. Such a solid element can provide a technical benefit, through washing or as a pre-treatment, sequential or delayed release component; additionally or alternatively, it can provide an aesthetic effect.
[080] In containment bags comprising laundry compositions, laundry additives and/or fabric enhancers, the compositions may comprise one or more of the following in the list of non-limiting ingredients: fabrics; detersive enzyme; deposition aid; rheology modifier; builder; bleach; bleaching agent; bleach precursor; bleach booster; bleach catalyst; perfume and/or perfume microcapsules (see, for example, US Patent No. 5,137,646); perfume-laden zeolite; starch encapsulated treaty; polyglycerol esters; bleaching agent; pearlescent agent; enzyme stabilizing systems; cleaning agents including fixing agents for anionic dyes, complexing agents for anionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof; optical or fluorescent lighteners; polymers including, but not limited to, ground release polymers and/or ground suspension polymers; dispersants; defoaming agents; non-aqueous solvents; fatty acids; suds suppressors, for example, silicone suds suppressors (see: U.S. Publication No. 2003/0060390 A1, fl 65-77); cationic starches (see: US No. 2004/0204337 A1 and US No. 2007/0219111 A1); waste dispersants (see: US No. 2003/0126282 A1, fl89 - 90); dyes; colorants; opacifiers; antioxidants; hydrotropes such as toluene sulfonate, cumene sulfonate, and naphthalene sulfonates; color spots; colored spheres, spheres or extruded; clay softening agents. Any one or more of these ingredients is further described in European Patent Application No. 09161692.0 (filed June 2, 2009), US Publication Number 2003/0139312A1 (filed May 11, 2000) and US Patent Application No. 61 /229981 (filed July 30, 2009), each of which is attributed to Procter & Gamble Company. Additionally or alternatively, the compositions may comprise surfactants and/or solvent systems, each of which is described below. SURFACES:
[081] The compositions of the present description may preferably comprise about 1% to 80% by weight of a surfactant. The surfactant is particularly preferred as a component of the first composition. Preferably, said first composition contains from about 5% to 50% by weight of surfactant. The second and third compositions can comprise surfactant in amounts from 0.1 to 99.9%.
[082] The detersive surfactants used can be of anionic, non-ionic, zwitterionic, ampholytic or cationic type, or can encompass compatible mixtures of these types. Most preferably, surfactants are selected from the group consisting of anionic, nonionic and cationic surfactants, as well as mixtures thereof. Detergent surfactants for use herein are described in US Patents No. 3,664,961, Norris, Issued May 23, 1972, No. 3,919,678, Laughlin et al., Issued December 30, 1975, No. 4,222,905, Cockrell, Issued September 16, 1980, and No. 4,239,659, Murphy, Issued December 16, 1980. Anionic and nonionic surfactants are preferred.
[083] Useful anionic surfactants can be of different types. For example, water-soluble salts of higher fatty acids, i.e., "soaps", are anionic surfactants useful in the compositions of the present invention. This includes alkali metal soaps such as the sodium, potassium, ammonium and alkyl ammonium salts of higher fatty acids, containing from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and preferably from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms . Soaps can be produced by directly saponifying fats and oils or by neutralizing free fatty acids. Particularly useful are the sodium and potassium salts of fatty acid mixtures derived from coconut oil and tallow, i.e. coconut tallow soap with sodium or potassium.
[084] Additional non-soap anionic surfactants that are suitable for use in the present invention include water-soluble salts, preferably alkali metal salts and ammonium salts, organic sulfur reaction products having in their molecular structure an alkyl group containing from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and a sulfonic acid or sulfuric acid ester group. (The term "alkyl" embraces the alkyl portion of acyl groups). Examples of this group of synthetic surfactants include: a) potassium, potassium and ammonium alkyl sulfates, especially those obtained by sulfation of higher alcohols (C8-C18 carbon atoms) such as those produced by the reduction of tallow oil glycerides or Of coconut; b) sodium, potassium and ammonium alkyl polyethoxylate sulfates, particularly those in which the alkyl group contains from 10 to 22, preferably from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, with the polyethoxylate chain containing from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 6 portions of ethoxylate; and c) sodium and potassium alkybenzene sulfonates in which the alkyl group contains about 9 to 15 carbon atoms, in a straight or branched chain configuration, for example those of the type described in US Patents Nos. 2,220,099 and 2,477 .383. Especially valuable are straight chain alkyl benzene sulfonate in which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is from about 11 to 13, abbreviated as C11-C13 LAS.
[085] In some embodiments, the total anionic surfactant, that is, soapy anionic or not, is present in the composition in a percentage by weight of about 1% to about 65%, about 2% to about 50%, or about 5% to about 45%.
[086] Preferred nonionic surfactants are those with the following formula R1(OC2H4)nOH, where R1 is a C10C16 alkyl group or a phenyl C8-C12 alkyl group, and n is from 3 to about 80. Particularly preferred are the products of condensation of the C12 -C15 alcohols with from about 5 to about 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, for example, C12 -C13 alcohol condensed with about 6.5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol. SOLVENT SYSTEM:
[087] The solvent system in the present compositions can be a solvent system containing only water or mixtures of organic solvents with water. Preferred organic solvents include 1,2-propanediol, ethanol, glycerol, dipropylene glycol, methyl propanediol and mixtures thereof. Other lower alcohols, C1-C4 alkanol amines, such as monoethanol amine and triethanol amine, can also be used. Solvent systems may be absent, for example, from the solid anhydrous embodiments of the description, but more typically are present in amounts ranging from about 0.1% to about 98%, preferably at least 1% to about 50%, more typically from about 5% to about 25%.
[088] The compositions of the present invention can generally be prepared by mixing the ingredients together. If a pearlescent material is used, it must be added in the later stages of mixing. However, if a rheology modifier is used, it is preferred to first form a premix in which the rheology modifier is dispersed in a portion of the water and other ingredients eventually used to comprise the compositions. This premix is formed in such a way that a structured liquid is formed. To this structured premix can then be added, while said premix is under agitation, the surfactant(s) and essential laundry auxiliary materials, together with water and any other auxiliary compounds for optional detergent composition that are used.
[089] The pH of useful compositions can be from about 4 to about 12, about 5 to about 11, about 6 to about 10, about 6.5 to about 8.5, or about 7.0 to about 7.5. Laundry detergent compositions can have a pH of about 8 to about 10. Laundry detergent with additive compositions can have a pH of about 4 to about 8. Fabric enhancers can have a pH of about 4 to about 8.
[090] The pH of the detergent is defined as the pH of a 10% aqueous solution (weight/volume) of the detergent at 20 ± 2°C; for solids and powder detergents this is defined as the pH of a 1% aqueous solution (weight/volume) of the detergent at 20 ± 2°C. Any meter capable of measuring pH in ±0.01 pH units is suitable. Orion meters (Thermo Scientific, Clintinpark -Keppekouter, Ninovesteenweg 198, 9320 Erembodegem -Aalst, Belgium) or equivalent are acceptable instruments. The pH meter must be equipped with a suitable glass electrode with calomel or silver/silver chloride reference. An example includes the Mettler DB 115. The electrode should be stored in the manufacturer's recommended electrolyte solution.
[091] The 10% aqueous solution of the detergent is prepared according to the procedure set out below. A 10 ± 0.05 gram sample is weighed with a scale capable of accurately measuring ± 0.02 gram intervals. The sample is transferred to the 100 mL volumetric flask, diluted to volume with purified water (deionized water and/or distilled water are suitable, provided the water conductivity is < 5 μS/cm) and carefully mixed. About 50 mL of the resulting solution is poured into a beaker, the temperature is adjusted to 20 ± 2 °C and the pH is measured according to the pH meter manufacturer's standard procedure (it is extremely important to follow the manufacturer's instructions to also adjust and calibrate the pH set).
[092] For powder and solid detergents, the 1% aqueous solution of the detergent is prepared according to the procedure set out below. A 10 ± 0.05 gram sample is weighed with a scale capable of accurately measuring ± 0.02 gram intervals. A sample is transferred to a 1000 mL volumetric flask, diluted to volume with purified water (deionized water and/or distilled water are suitable, provided the water conductivity is < 5 μS/cm) and carefully mixed. About 50 mL of the resulting solution is poured into a beaker, the temperature is adjusted to 20 ± 2 °C and the pH is measured according to the pH meter manufacturer's standard procedure (it is extremely important to follow the manufacturer's instructions to also adjust and calibrate the pH set). PACKING
[093] Containment bags of the present description may be placed in the packaging for storage and/or sale. In some embodiments, the package may be a transparent or partially transparent container, for example, a transparent or translucent bag, pot, cardboard box or bottle. The packaging can be produced from plastic or any other suitable material, as long as the material is strong enough to protect the bags during transport. This type of pack is also very useful as the user does not need to open the pack to see how many bags are left. Alternatively, the package may have a non-transparent outer package, possibly with inscriptions or illustrations that represent the visually distinct contents of the package. In some embodiments, the packaging can provide at least a partial moisture barrier. WASHING PROCESS:
[094] The containment bags of the present description are suitable for cleaning applications, including but not limited to cleaning clothes, dishes and body (eg shampoo or soap/soap). The bags are suitable for machine wash or hand wash conditions. When machine washing occurs, the bag can be applied from a dosing compartment or it can be added directly into the washing machine. TEST METHODS:
[095] Test methods used to obtain data related to observed film characteristics are given below. MEASURING THE VISCOSITY:
[096] The viscosity of a PVOH polymer (m) is determined by measuring a fresh prepared solution using a Brookfield viscometer, series LV, with UL adapter as described in British Standard EN ISO 15023-2:2006 Annex E Brookfield Test method . It is international practice to declare viscosity in 4% aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solutions at 20 °C. All specified viscosities of the present invention in centipoise (cP) are to be understood with reference to the viscosity of 4% aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution at 20°C, unless otherwise specified. AGED FILM:
[097] The aged film is produced as follows. A 5.1 cm (3") x 5.1 cm (3") bag is made from fresh film and contains 50 ml of the Test Composition, the ingredients of which are described in Table II. The glossy side of the fresh film forms the outer side of the bag and the matte side of the film forms the inner side of the bag. Table II

[098] In order to ensure that the region of the film to be tested is in complete contact with the Test Composition, the bags are filled to minimize air bubbles. The bags are then placed on an aluminum tray lined with paper. The tray is then heat-sealed into a 0.10 mm (4 mil) high-density polyethylene ("HDPE") pouch. A 43.2 cm (17") x 55.9 cm (22") HDPE pouch is used to enclose a 33.0 cm (13") x 45.7 cm (18") tray. A 34.3 cm (13.5") x 43.2 cm (17") HDPE pouch is used to enclose a 24.1 cm (9.5") x 33.0 cm (13") tray. The tray is held in an orientation such that air bubbles within the containment bag are kept in a corner of the bag away from the region of the film being tested. The trays containing the bags are placed in an oven controlled at 38 °C and the relative humidity (RH) of the air at 45% for 120 hours. The bags are then removed from the oven, kept in the HDPE bag and then returned to room temperature (20 +/- 5 °C) and about 25% RH. Within 5 to 8 hours after being removed from the oven, the bags are opened taking care not to cut the region of the film to be tested. The test composition is drained from the bag. The bag is additionally cut to remove all sealed areas and the film in the region to be tested is thoroughly cleaned of any remaining test composition. Within 10 minutes of bag cutting, the resulting aged film is then subjected to the Resistance to Break and Slide Dissolution tests described below. SLIDE DISSOLUTION TEST:
[099] The MONOSOL 205 test method (MSTM 205) is shown with attached reference in figures 1-3.
[0100] Apparatus and Materials: 600 mL Beaker 12 Magnetic Stirrer 14 (Laboratory Line Model No. 1250 or equivalent) Magnetic Stirring Rod 16 (5 cm) Thermometer (0 to 100 °C., ±1 °C.) Model, stainless steel (3.8 cmx3.2 cm) Timer, (0-300 seconds, accurate to one second) 20 Polaroid 35 mm mounting slide (or equivalent) 25 MONOSOL 35 mm slide mounting bracket (or equivalent) , see figure 1) Distilled water
[0101] Test sample: 1. Cut three test samples from a film sample using the stainless steel template (ie 3.8 cmx3.2 cm samples). If cut from a film mat, samples should be cut from areas of the mat evenly spaced along the transverse direction of the mat. 2. Attach each specimen to a separate 35 mm slide 20 mount. 3. Fill beaker 12 with 500 mL of distilled water. Measure the water temperature with a thermometer and, if necessary, heat or cool the water to maintain the temperature at 10 °C (about 50 °F.). 4. Mark the height of the water column. Place the magnetic stirrer 14 on the base 27 of the holder 25. Place the beaker 12 on the magnetic stirrer 14, add the magnetic stirrer rod 16 to the beaker 12, turn on the stirrer 14 and adjust the stirring speed until a vortex develops from approximately one-fifth of the height of the water column. Mark the depth of the vortex. 5. Attach the 35 mm slide 20 mount to the alligator clip 26 of the MONOSOL 35 mm slide mount 25 bracket (figure 1) such that the long end 21 of the 20 slide mount is parallel to the water surface, such as illustrated in figure 2. The depth adjuster 28 of the bracket 25 should be adjusted so that when released, the end of the claw 26 is 0.6 cm below the surface of the water. One of the 23 short sides of the slide assembly 20 should be to the side of the beaker 12 with the other side positioned directly over the center of the stirring rod 16 such that the film surface is perpendicular to the flow of water as illustrated in figure 3. 6. In one motion, drop the blade and claw into the water and start the timer. Disintegration occurs when the film falls apart. When all visible film is released from the slide holder, lift the slide out of the water while still monitoring the solution for undissolved film fragments. Dissolution occurs when all film fragments are no longer visible and the solution becomes clear.
[0102] Data Recording:
[0103] Results should include the following: complete sample identification; average and individual dissolution and disintegration times; and temperature of the water in which the samples were tested.
[0104] Time for complete dissolution (in seconds) is obtained.
[0105] Tension at 100% in the Elongation Test:
[0106] The tension of a film at 100% elongation is measured using ASTM D 882, "Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheets". Testing is conducted on an Instron® Model 5544 tensile tester. The Instron® grips used may affect test results. Consequently, the present test is conducted using Instron® face grips model number 2702-032, which are rubber coated and 25mm wide.
[0107] Maximum Tensile Strength Test:
[0108] Maximum tensile strength is measured using ASTM D 882, "Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheets". Testing is conducted on an Instron® Model 5544 tensile tester. The Instron® grips used may affect test results. Consequently, the present test is conducted using Instron® face grips model number 2702-032, which are rubber coated and 25mm wide.
[0109] Breaking Resistance Test:
[0110] A 4 μl drop of deionized water obtained by reverse osmosis (at 23 °C) is placed in the region of the film to be tested (at about 23 °C and a RH of about 25%) and firmly secured with compressed air under a pressure of 17.2 kPa (2.5 pounds per square inch ("psig")) behind the film. The droplet is carefully placed in the center of the trapped circular exposed region of the film which is 21 mm in diameter. The time between droplet placement and burst (ie, the time the pressure is at 13.8 kPa (2.0 psig) or less) is recorded. The film measurement is also recorded. The region of the film to be tested receives the droplet on its glossy side which forms the outer surface of a typical bag. Thus, the glossy side of the new or aged film receives the droplet in the current test.
[0111] Thermoforming Test:
[0112] The films described here are preferably thermoformable. In the present invention, a film is thermoformable (pass a thermoformable conversion test) if the cast film obtained after a thermoforming process has an orifice test result of less than 2%, preferably less than 1% and more preferably less than 0.5%. The cast film obtained after a thermoforming process may optionally have a pressurized orifice test result of less than 4%, preferably less than 2%, and more preferably less than 1%.
[0113] Thermoforming a film is the process of heating the film, shaping it into a mold, and then letting the film cool, whereupon the film will maintain the shape of the mold. Thermoforming can be performed by one or more of the following processes: manual projection of a thermally softened film onto a mold or pressure-induced molding of a softened film in a mold (eg, vacuum), or high-speed indexing automatic placement of a fresh extruded sheet having a precisely known temperature in a trimming and forming station, or automatic placement, by means of plug or pneumatic stretching and pressure formation of a film. The extent of film stretch is defined by the area stretch ratio which is the surface area of the pocket (or cavity) divided by the surface area of the film before thermoforming. The area stretch ratio (also called the stretch area depth) can be calculated according to the method described in Technology of Thermoforming, James L. Throne, Hanser publisher, (1996) Chapter 7.4, pg 488-494 (ISBN 3-446-17812-0). In the present invention, for thermoformed films, the area stretch ratio can be between 1.05 and 2.7; preferably in the range 1.2 to 2.3; most preferably from 1.3 to 2.0.
[0114] The hole test can be conducted on a film with an initial thickness in the range of 25 to 150 µm, preferably in the range of 50 to 100 µm, most preferably in the range of 60 to 90 µm. Film thickness can be measured with any technique known to one skilled in the art. For example, this can be achieved using electronic thickness testers, Thwing-Albert model 89-100 (Thwing-Albert; 14W. Collings Avenue, West Berlin NJ 08091 USA). The film is required to be conditioned at 22 ± 5 °C and 40 ± 20% relative humidity for at least 24 hours prior to thickness measurement. A sheet of film about 60 mm wide by about 60 mm long is obtained and 25 measurements are taken (spaced across the sheet). Thickness is then the mean of the 25 measurements +/- standard deviation.
[0115] The orifice test and the pressurized orifice test measure the percentage of leakage from bags that include the thermoformed film on at least one side of the bag. Sample preparation for testing includes the process for preparing a water-soluble container of PVOH film by thermoforming the PVOH film in a pocket, filling the pocket with a composition, placing the second film on top of the pocket and sealing the two films together . Sealing can be done by any suitable method. For example, sealing can be performed as shown in WO 02/16205, the embodiment which is incorporated by the present invention. Here, a film with a thickness of 76±4 μm is thermoformed at 105±15 °C within a cavity with an area stretch ratio of 2.0 at atmospheric conditions of 22±5 °C and 40±20% RH, to form a thermoformed film that has a minimum thickness of 30±5 µm. The thermoformed film is then filled with a test solution that includes the materials in Table 1, and sealed to form a containment bag. Table III
Weight %
[0116] Then, the bags are placed individually on absorbent paper with the thermoformed film in contact with the absorbent paper, for 24 hours at 22 ± 5 °C and 40 ± 20% RH. After 24 hours, all bags that have leaked into the thermoformed portion of the film (as opposed to leaking through the seal or through a defect created by the sealing process) are counted. The percentage of bags with holes is then determined by ((number of leaking bags)/total number of bags)*100%. Preferably about five hundred bags are produced and tested. Notably, applying pressure to the sealed bag can make it easier to discover holes. Thus, the pressurized hole test follows the same process as the hole test with the additional step that after the bag is placed on the absorbent paper, a weight (about 0.1 N/cm2 ) is placed on the bag. EXAMPLES:
[0117] The following are exemplary film embodiments and combined compositions for making bags in accordance with the present description. Unless otherwise indicated, all values are provided as a percentage by weight of the total composition and "to 100", or "balance", or similar, meaning that the referenced ingredient is added to arrive at the sum of the values provided up to 100 . I. Movie
[0118] The following examples were prepared by additive blending in the designated weight percentages of the designated polymers. PVOH polymers are typically designated by a polymer grade product number. For example, PVOH polymer 13-88 is a partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol with a nominal, specified viscosity of about 13 cP and a nominal degree of hydrolysis, expressed as a percentage of vinyl acetate units converted to vinyl alcohol units. , of about 88%. The PVOH polymers used to form the examples listed below are designated by their polymer grade product numbers.
[0119] Referring to Table IV, the films are prepared by additively mixing the designated polymers in water with plasticizers and other minor additives as auxiliary elements to processing. The weight % of resins in the tables below are specified as parts by weight of the total PVOH resin content. The resin forms the largest fraction of the film components by dry weight (about 67% to about 75% total weight, 69%) average, along with about 19% to 29% weight (24%) average total plasticizers, including glycerin, propylene glycol, and sorbitol; and smaller amounts (about 3% to 8% of total weight) of stabilizers and processing aids, including anti-blocking, defoamers, bleaching agents, fillers, and surface-active wetting agents. The solution is maintained at a temperature in the range of about 71°C to about 93°C and molded by applying the heated solution to a smooth surface and drying the water to create a film having a thickness in the range of about 60 at 90 µm (typically 76 µm) and a residual moisture content of about 4% to about 10% of the total weight, as measured by Karl Fischer titration. Table IV
II. Composition
[0120] The following compositions A through Q are for use in one or more compartments of the bags of the present description.
[0121] Compositions A through G are liquid laundry detergents prepared by mixing ingredients found in Tables V and VI: Table V

[0122] 1 The preferred LAS also comprises an alkyl group comprising from about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms, in a straight-chain configuration. Table VI

[0123] Composition H is a bleach additive prepared by mixing the ingredients in Table VII: Table VII

[0124] 1Tetra Acetyl Ethylene Diamine
[0125] Compositions I through N are granular laundry detergents prepared by mixing ingredients found in Table VIII: Table VIII

[0126] 1Random graft copolymer is a copolymer of polyethylene oxide grafted with polyvinyl acetate that has a polyethylene oxide backbone and multiple polyvinyl acetate side chains. The molecular weight of the polyethylene oxide backbone is about 6000 and the ratio of polyethylene oxide weight to polyvinyl acetate weight is about 40 to 60 and no more than 1 slip point per 50 units of ethylene oxide.
[0127] Compositions O through T are liquid, single-compartment (Q, R, S and T) and liquid and solid, multi-compartment (O, P) tissue enhancers prepared by mixing the ingredients found in Table IX and Table X and sealing the liquid and solid compositions in separate compartments. Table IX
Table X

[0128] 1Di(acyloxyethyl)(2-hydroxyethyl) methyl ammonium methyl sulfate wherein the acyl group is derived from partially hydrogenated fatty acid of canola.
[0129] 2Partially hydrogenated fatty acid of canola.
[0130] 32,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentane diol
[0131] 4PEG 6 cocamide-polyethylene glycol coconut fatty acid amide.
[0132] 5Hydroxyethane diphosphonic acid sodium salt
[0133] 6Material included with active softener by the supplier.
[0134] III. Bag
[0135] A single-compartment containment bag is produced using one or more of the films described in Table IV and one or more of compositions A through N. The means for manufacturing the bag is described in the METHODS section above.
[0136] A multi-compartment bag is produced using one or more of the films described in Table IV. The means for making the bag is described in the METHODS section above. The following example, "Bag A" has three separate compartments and each of which individually holds one of compositions 1-3, described in Table XI below: Table XI

[0137] The following example bags B, C and D are multi-compartment bags. Each is produced using one or more of the films described in Table IV. The means for making the bag is described in the METHODS section above. Each of bags B, C and D has three separate compartments, and each of these individually contains one of the liquid detergent compositions 1-3, described in Table XII below: Table XII


[0138] Mono-[2-(3,4-dihydro-isoquinolin-2-yl)-1-(2-ethyl hexyl oxymethyl)-ethyl] sulfuric acid 1-ester as described in US document No. 7169744
[0139] 2PAP = phthaloyl-amino-peroxy caproic acid, as a 70% active wet cake
[0140] 3Polyethylene imine (MW = 600) with 20 ethoxylate groups per -NH.
[0141] 4Ethoxylated thiophene, EO (R1+R2) = 5
[0142] 5RA = Reserve alkalinity (eg >5 g NaOH equivalent/100 g dose)
[0143] The following examples are bags provided with two compartments that comprise a liquid composition (XLi) from Table XIII and its respective powder composition (XPi) from Table XIV. Each bag is produced using one or more of the films described in Table IV. The means for making the bag is described in the METHODS section above. Table XIII


[0144] 1C11-13 linear alkyl benzene sulfonic acid
[0145] 2(Bis(C2H5O)(C2H4O)n)(CH3)-N+-CxH2x-N+-(CH3)- bis((C2H5O)(C2H4O)n), where n = from 15 to 30, ex = from 3 to 8.
[0146] 3A random graft copolymer is a random polyvinyl acetate grafted polyethylene oxide copolymer that has a polyethylene oxide backbone and multiple polyvinyl acetate side chains. The molecular weight of the polyethylene oxide backbone is about 6000 and the ratio of polyethylene oxide weight to polyvinyl acetate weight is about 40 to 60 and no more than 1 slip point per 50 units of ethylene oxide. Table XIV

Data
[0147] Data is collected for films (10 samples per film) in accordance with the present description and commercially available films. Each film is tested as a fresh film and as an aged film. Indices are determined using the following equations (1) and (2) using the data: - Dissolution index = 7*(aged dissolution time)+(aged breaking strength) - Tensile index = (stress at 100% elongation) * (limit tensile strength)
[0148] Data are presented in Table XV. Table XV

[0149] 1M8630 is a PVOH copolymer film available from MONOSOL. LLC, Merrillville, IN (USA)
[0150] 2M8900 is a PVOH copolymer film available from MONOSOL. LLC, Merrillville, IN (USA)
[0151] 3Sample A is a PVOH copolymer film comprising a PVOH polymer having a nominal viscosity of 23 cP and a nominal degree of hydrolysis of 88 at 100% of the PVOH resin content.
[0152] 4 Sample B is a PVOH copolymer film comprising a ratio of two parts by weight of a PVOH polymer having a nominal viscosity of 26 cP and a nominal degree of hydrolysis of 88, to one part by weight of polymer of PVOH having a nominal viscosity of 15 cP and a nominal degree of hydrolysis of 79, with the three parts forming 100% of the PVOH resin content in the film.
[0153] Each of the documents cited in this invention, including any cross-reference, related patent, or patent application, is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it is technically straightforward in relation to any invention presented or claimed in this document, or that it, by itself or in any combination with any other reference or references, teaches, suggest or present any such invention. In addition, if there is a conflict between any meaning or definition of a term mentioned in this document and any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition ascribed to that term in this document shall take precedence. DESCRIPTION ASPECTS:
[0154] A first aspect of the present description is a water soluble film having any suitable thickness, wherein the water soluble film comprising a total of at least 50% by weight of PVOH polymer in the form of a resin, the film comprising a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) resin, as when the film has a thickness of about 76 microns the film is characterized by its dissolution index from about 620 to about 920, or from about 665 at about 920, or about 710 to about 920; and (b) a Tensile Index of about 145 to about 626, or about 155 to about 480, or about 165 to about 325, with the resin additionally having an average viscosity of at least about 13. 5 cP, 14 cP, 15 cP, 16 cP, or 17 cP and at most about 20 cP, 19 cP, 18 cP, 17.5 cP, as a 4% weight aqueous solution at 20 °C, for example in the range of about 13.5 cP to about 20 cP, or about 14 cP to about 19 cP, or about 16 cP to about 18 cP, or about 17 cP to about 17.5 cP; and a degree of hydrolysis of at least 84% or 85% and at most about 92%, 90%, 89%, 88%, or 87%, for example in the range of about 84% to about 90%, or 85% to 88%, or 86.5%; The resin further has no more than 30% by weight of a PVOH polymer which has an average viscosity of less than about 11 cP and a polydispersity index in the range of about 1.8 to about 2.3.
[0155] In any of the main aspect embodiments, the resin may comprise at least two PVOH polymers,
[0156] the first polymer having a viscosity of at least about 8 cP, 10 cP, 12 cP, or 13 cP and at most about 40 cP, 20 cP, 15 cP, or 13 cP, for example in the range of about from 8 cP to about 40 cP, or about 10 cP to about 20 cP, or about 10 cP to about 15 cP, or about 12 cP to about 14 cP, or 13 cP; and
[0157] The second PVOH polymer that has a viscosity of at least about 10 cP, 20 cP, or 22 cP and at most about 40 cP, 30 cP, 25 cP, or 24 cP, for example in the range of about from 10 cP to about 40 cP, or 20 to about 30 cP, or about 20 to about 25 cP, or about 22 to about 24, or about 23 cP;
[0158] The viscosity of the first PVOH polymer being less than the viscosity of the second PVOH polymer.
[0159] In any of the embodiments of the first aspect, the resin may comprise a first PVOH polymer that has a polydispersity index (PDI) in the range of about 1 to about 5; and a second PVOH polymer having a PDI value in the range of about 1 to about 5; and each PVOH polymer can have a PDI value in the range of about 1.5 to about 3; or about 1.7 to about 2.2.
[0160] In any of the embodiments of the first aspect, the resin may comprise about 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 wt% of the first PVOH polymer, and about 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 wt. % of the second PVOH polymer, for example about 30 to about 85% by weight of the first PVOH polymer, or about 45 to about 55 by weight in % of the first PVOH polymer
[0161] In any of the embodiments of the first aspect, the total PVOH resin may have a PDI value greater than about 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, 3, 2, 3.4, 3.6, 3.8, 4.0, 4.2, 4.4, 4.6, 4.8, or 5.0; for example, the PDI value of the total resin may be greater than the PDI value of any of the individual PVOH polymers included in the resin.
[0162] In any of the embodiments of the first aspect, the first PVOH polymer may have a weight average molecular weight Mw) in the range of about 50,000 to about 300,000 Daltons, or about 60,000 to about 150,000 Daltons; and the second PVOH polymer can have a Mw in the range of about 60,000 to about 300,000 Daltons, or about 80,000 to about 250,000 Daltons; optionally, the second PVOH polymer can have a greater Mw than the first PVOH polymer; and yet additionally the resin cannot be more than 30% by weight of a PVOH polymer which has a Mw of less than about 70,000 Daltons.
[0163] In any of the embodiments of the first aspect, the film can also include a plasticizer.
[0164] In any of the embodiments of the first aspect, the film may have a residual moisture content of at least 4% by weight, for example in the range of about 4 to about 10 weight %.
[0165] In any of the modalities of the first aspect, the film can be characterized by the breaking strength test value greater than 20 seconds, preferably greater than 30 seconds, and with the best preference of 40 seconds.
[0166] In any of the embodiments of the first aspect, the film can be characterized by a wash residue value of at most about 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, 2.9, or 2 .8 and most preferably at about 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, or 2.0.
[0167] In any of the modalities of the first aspect, the film can be thermoformable.
[0168] In any of the modalities of the first aspect, the resin selection index value can be in the range of 0.255 to 0.315, or 0.260 to 0.310, or 0.265 to 0.305, or 0.270 to 0.300, or 0.275 to 0.295, of preferably, 0.270 to 0.300.
[0169] A second aspect of the present description is the water soluble film having any thickness, the water soluble film comprising about 4 to about 10% by weight of water and a total of at least 50% by weight of PVOH polymer in the form of a resin, so that when the film has a thickness of about 76 microns the film is characterized by: (a) a Dissolution Index of about 620 to about 920, or about about 665 to about 920, or about 710 to about 920; and (b) a Tensile Index of about 145 to about 626, or about 155 to about 480, or about 165 to about 325.
[0170] The resin further comprises a blend of a PVOH polymer of the first and second, The first PVOH polymer that has a viscosity of at least 8 cP or 10 cP and a maximum of 40 cP, 20 cP, or 15 cP , for example, in the range of about 8 cP to about 40 cP, or about 10 cP to about 20 cP, or about 10 cP to about 15 cP; and
[0171] the second PVOH polymer that has a viscosity of at least about 10 cP or 20 cP and at most 40 cP, 30 cP, or 25 cP, for example, in the range of about 10 cP to about 40 cP, or about 20 cP to about 30 cP, or about 20 cP to about 25 cP;
[0172] the viscosity of the first PVOH polymer being lower than the viscosity of the second PVOH polymer,
[0173] and resin having no more than 30% by weight of a PVOH polymer that has an average viscosity less than about 11 cP and a polydispersity index in the range of about 1.8 to about 2 ,3.
[0174] In any of the embodiments of the second aspect, the resin may optionally have a viscosity average in the range of about 13.5 cP to about 20 cP, additionally and optionally a degree of hydrolysis of at least 84% or 85% and at most about 92%, 90%, 89%, 88%, or 87%, for example in the range of about 84% to about 90%, or 85% to 88%, or 86.5% .
[0175] In any of the embodiments of the second aspect, the resin may comprise a first PVOH polymer having a polydispersity index (PDI) value in the range of about 1 to about 5; and a second PVOH polymer having a PDI value in the range of about 1 to about 5; and each PVOH polymer can have a PDI value in the range of about 1.5 to about 3; or about 1.7 to about 2.2.
[0176] In any of the embodiments of the second aspect, the resin may comprise about 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 wt% of the first PVOH polymer, and about 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 wt. % of the second PVOH polymer, for example about 30% to about 85%, or about 45% to about 55 wt% of the first polymer in PVOH.
[0177] In any of the embodiments of the second aspect, the total PVOH resin may have a PDI value greater than about 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, 3, 2, 3.4, 3.6, 3.8, 4.0, 4.2, 4.4, 4.6, 4.8, or 5.0; for example, the PDI value of the total resin may be greater than the PDI value of any of the individual PVOH polymers included in the resin.
[0178] In any of the embodiments of the second aspect, the first PVOH polymer may have a weight average molecular weight Mw) in the range of about 50,000 to about 300,000 Daltons, or about 60,000 to about 150,000 Daltons; and the second PVOH polymer may have a Mw in the range of from about 60,000 to about 300,000 Daltons, or from about 80,000 to about 250,000 Daltons; the second polymer polyol having a Mw greater than the first polymer polyol, and, optionally, the resin having no more than about 30% by weight of a PVOH polymer having a Mw less than 70,000 Daltons.
[0179] In any of the embodiments of the second aspect, the film can be characterized by the breaking strength test value greater than about 20 seconds, preferably greater than 30 seconds, and most preferably 40 seconds.
[0180] In any of the embodiments of the second aspect, the film can be characterized by a wash residue value of at most about 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, 2.9, or 2 .8, and most preferably at about 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, or 2.0.
[0181] In any of the embodiments of the second aspect, the film can also include a plasticizer.
[0182] In any of the modalities of the second aspect, the film can be thermoformable.
[0183] In any of the modalities of the second aspect, the resin selection index value can be in the range of 0.255 to 0.315, or 0.260 to 0.310, or 0.265 to 0.305, or 0.270 to 0.300, or 0.275 to 0.295, of preferably, 0.270 to 0.300.
[0184] A third aspect of the present description is water soluble film having any suitable thickness comprising about 4 to 10% by weight in water, a total of at least 50% by weight of PVOH polymer in the form of a resin, and optionally a plasticizer, so that when the film has a thickness of about 76 microns the film is characterized by: (a) a Dissolution Index from about 620 to about 920, or from about 665 to about 920, or about 710 to about 920; and (b) a Tensile Index of about 145 to about 626, or about 155 to about 480, or about 165 to about 325.
[0185] The resin additionally having a Mw) in the range of about 50,000 to about 300,000 Daltons and a degree of hydrolysis in the range of about 84% to about 90%, or about 85% to about 88%; the resin which additionally has no more than 30% by weight of a PVOH polymer which has a Mw of less than about 70,000 Daltons.
[0186] In any of the embodiments of the third aspect, the resin may optionally have an average viscosity in the range of about 13.5 cP to about 20 cP; and further optionally the resin cannot be more than 30% by weight of a PVOH polymer having an average viscosity less than about 11 cP and a polydispersity index in the range of about 1.8 to about 2.3 .
[0187] In any of the embodiments of the third aspect, the resin may comprise at least two PVOH polymers,
[0188] the first polymer having a viscosity of at least about 8 cP, 10 cP, 12 cP, or 13 cP and at most about 40 cP, 20 cP, 15 cP, or 13 cP, for example in the range of about from 8 cP to about 40 cP, or about 10 cP to about 20 cP, or about 10 cP to about 15 cP, or about 12 cP to about 14 cP, or 13 cP; and
[0189] The second PVOH polymer that has a viscosity of at least about 10 cP, 20 cP, or 22 cP and at most about 40 cP, 30 cP, 25 cP, or 24 cP, for example in the range of about from 10 cP to about 40 cP, or 20 to about 30 cP, or about 20 to about 25 cP, or about 22 to about 24, or about 23 cP;
[0190] The viscosity of the first PVOH polymer being less than the viscosity of the second PVOH polymer.
[0191] In any of the embodiments of the third aspect, the resin may comprise a first PVOH polymer that has a polydispersity index (PDI) in the range of about 1 to about 5; and a second PVOH polymer having a PDI value in the range of about 1 to about 5; and each PVOH polymer can have a PDI value in the range of about 1.5 to about 3; or about 1.7 to about 2.2.
[0192] In any of the embodiments of the third aspect, the resin may comprise about 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 wt% of the first PVOH polymer, and about 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 wt. % of the second PVOH polymer, for example about 30 to about 85% by weight of the first PVOH polymer, or about 45 to about 55% by weight of the first PVOH polymer.
[0193] In any of the embodiments of the third aspect, the total PVOH resin may have a PDI value greater than about 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, 3 .2, 3.4, 3.6, 3.8, 4.0, 4.2, 4.4, 4.6, 4.8, or 5.0; for example, the PDI value of the total resin may be greater than the PDI value of any of the individual PVOH polymers included in the resin.
[0194] In any of the modalities of the third aspect, the film can be characterized by the breaking strength test value greater than 20 seconds, preferably greater than 30 seconds, and with the best preference of 40 seconds.
[0195] In any of the modalities of the third aspect, the film can be characterized by a wash residue value of at most about 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, 2.9, or 2 .8, and most preferably at about 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, or 2.0.
[0196] In any of the modalities of the third aspect, the film can be thermoformable.
[0197] In any of the modalities of the third aspect, the resin selection index value can be in the range of 0.255 to 0.315, or 0.260 to 0.310, or 0.265 to 0.305, or 0.270 to 0.300, or 0.275 to 0.295, of preferably, 0.270 to 0.300.
[0198] A fourth aspect of the present description is a water-soluble film having any suitable thickness, wherein the water-soluble film comprises a total of at least 50% by weight of the PVOH polymer in the form of a resin having the value of resin selection index of 0.270 to 0.300 so that when the film has a thickness of about 76 microns the film will then be characterized by: (a) a Dissolution Index of about 620 to about 920, or about about 665 to about 920, or about 710 to about 920; and (b) a Tensile Index of about 145 to about 626, or about 155 to about 480, or about 165 to about 325.
[0199] In any of the embodiments of the fourth aspect, the resin may optionally have a viscosity average in the range of about 13.5 cP to about 20 cP, additionally and optionally a degree of hydrolysis of at least 84% or 85% and at most about 92%, 90%, 89%, 88%, or 87%, for example in the range of about 84% to about 90%, or 85% to 88%, or 86.5% .
[0200] In any of the embodiments of the fourth aspect, the resin may comprise at least two PVOH polymers,
[0201] the first polymer having a viscosity of at least about 8 cP, 10 cP, 12 cP, or 13 cP and at most about 40 cP, 20 cP, 15 cP, or 13 cP, for example in the range of about from 8 cP to about 40 cP, or about 10 cP to about 20 cP, or about 10 cP to about 15 cP, or about 12 cP to about 14 cP, or 13 cP; and
[0202] The second PVOH polymer that has a viscosity of at least about 10 cP, 20 cP, or 22 cP and at most about 40 cP, 30 cP, 25 cP, or 24 cP, for example in the range of about from 10 cP to about 40 cP, or 20 to about 30 cP, or about 20 to about 25 cP, or about 22 to about 24, or about 23 cP;
[0203] The viscosity of the first PVOH polymer being less than the viscosity of the second PVOH polymer.
[0204] In any of the embodiments of the fourth aspect, the resin may comprise a first PVOH polymer having a polydispersity index (PDI) in the range of about 1 to about 5; and a second PVOH polymer having a PDI value in the range of about 1 to about 5; and each PVOH polymer can have a PDI value in the range of about 1.5 to about 3; or about 1.7 to about 2.2.
[0205] In any of the embodiments of the fourth aspect, the resin may comprise about 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 wt% of the first PVOH polymer, and about 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 wt. % of the second PVOH polymer, for example about 30 to about 85% by weight of the first PVOH polymer, or about 45 to about 55 by weight in % of the first polymer in PVOH.
[0206] In any of the embodiments of the fourth aspect, the total PVOH resin may have a PDI value greater than about 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, 3 .2, 3.4, 3.6, 3.8, 4.0, 4.2, 4.4, 4.6, 4.8, or 5.0; for example, the PDI value of the total resin may be greater than the PDI value of any of the individual PVOH polymers included in the resin.
[0207] In any of the embodiments of the fourth aspect, the first PVOH polymer may have a weight average molecular weight Mw) in the range of about 50,000 to about 300,000 Daltons, or about 60,000 to about 150,000 Daltons; and the second PVOH polymer can have a Mw in the range of about 60,000 to about 300,000 Daltons, or about 80,000 to about 250,000 Daltons; the second polymer polyol having a Mw greater than the first polymer polyol; and, optionally, the resin having no more than about 30% by weight of a PVOH polymer having a Mw of less than about 70,000 Daltons.
[0208] In any of the embodiments of the fourth aspect, the film may further include a plasticizer.
[0209] In either aspect of the fourth aspect, the film can have a residual moisture content of about 4% to about 10% by weight.
[0210] In any of the modalities of the fourth aspect, the film can be characterized by the breaking strength test value greater than 20 seconds, preferably greater than 30 seconds, and with the best preference of 40 seconds.
[0211] In any of the modalities of the fourth aspect, the film can be characterized by a wash residue value of at most about 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, 2.9, or 2 .8, preferably at most about 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, or 2.0.
[0212] In any of the modalities of the fourth aspect, the film can be thermoformable.
[0213] A fifth aspect of the present description is a method for making a water soluble film having any suitable thickness, wherein the water soluble film comprises about 4% to about 10% water, a total of hair minus 50% by weight of the PVOH polymer in the form of a resin, and optionally a plasticizer, so that when the film has a thickness of about 76 microns the film is characterized by: (a) a Dissolution Index of about from 620 to about 920, or from about 665 to about 920, or from about 710 to about 920; and (b) a Tensile Index of about 145 to about 626, or about 155 to about 480, or about 165 to about 325.
[0214] The method including forming a film of a PVOH resin that has an average viscosity in the range of about 13.5 cP to about 20 cP and a degree of hydrolysis of at least 84% or 85% and no maximum about 92%, 90%, 89%, 88%, or 87%, for example, in the range of about 84% to about 90%, or 85% to 88%, or 86.5%; the resin further having no more than 30% by weight of a PVOH polymer which has an average viscosity less than about 11 cP and a polydispersity index in the range of about 1.8 to about 2.3.
[0215] In any of the embodiments of the fifth aspect, the resin may comprise at least two PVOH polymers,
[0216] the first polymer having a viscosity of at least about 8 cP, 10 cP, 12 cP, or 13 cP and at most about 40 cP, 20 cP, 15 cP, or 13 cP, for example in the range of about from 8 cP to about 40 cP, or about 10 cP to about 20 cP, or about 10 cP to about 15 cP, or about 12 cP to about 14 cP, or 13 cP; and
[0217] The second PVOH polymer that has a viscosity of at least about 10 cP, 20 cP, or 22 cP and at most about 40 cP, 30 cP, 25 cP, or 24 cP, for example in the range of about from 10 cP to about 40 cP, or 20 to about 30 cP, or about 20 to about 25 cP, or about 22 to about 24, or about 23 cP;
[0218] The viscosity of the first PVOH polymer being lower than the viscosity of the second PVOH polymer.
[0219] In any of the embodiments of the fifth aspect, the method may include additive mixing, co-casting, or soldering a first PVOH polymer and a second PVOH polymer to form the PVOH resin.
[0220] In any of the embodiments of the fifth aspect, the resin may comprise a first PVOH polymer having a polydispersity index (PDI) in the range of from about 1 to about 5; and a second PVOH polymer having a PDI value in the range of about 1 to about 5; and each PVOH polymer can have a PDI value in the range of about 1.5 to about 3; or about 1.7 to about 2.2.
[0221] In any of the embodiments of the fifth aspect, the resin may comprise about 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 wt% of the first PVOH polymer, and about 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 wt. % of the second PVOH polymer, for example about 30 to about 85% by weight of the first PVOH polymer, or about 45 to about 55 by weight in % of the first PVOH polymer.
[0222] In any of the embodiments of the fifth aspect, the total PVOH resin may have a PDI value greater than about 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, 3, 2, 3.4, 3.6, 3.8, 4.0, 4.2, 4.4, 4.6, 4.8, or 5.0; for example, the PDI value of the total resin may be greater than the PDI value of any of the individual PVOH polymers included in the resin.
[0223] In any of the embodiments of the fifth aspect, the first PVOH polymer may have a weight average molecular weight Mw) in the range of about 50,000 to about 300,000 Daltons, or about 60,000 to about 150,000 Daltons; and the second PVOH polymer can have a Mw in the range of about 60,000 to about 300,000 Daltons, or about 80,000 to about 250,000 Daltons; the second polymer polyol having a Mw greater than the first polymer polyol, and, optionally, the resin having no more than about 30% by weight of a PVOH polymer having Mw less than about 70,000 Daltons.
[0224] In any of the embodiments of the fifth aspect, the film can be characterized by the tensile strength test value greater than 20 seconds, preferably greater than 30 seconds, and most preferably 40 seconds.
[0225] In any of the embodiments of the fifth aspect, the film can be characterized by a wash residue value of at most about 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, 2.9, or 2 .8, preferably at most about 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, or 2.0.
[0226] In any of the modalities of the fifth aspect, the film can be thermoformable.
[0227] In any of the modalities of the fifth aspect, the resin selection index value can be in the range of 0.255 to 0.315, or 0.260 to 0.310, or 0.265 to 0.305, or 0.270 to 0.300, or 0.275 to 0.295, of preferably, 0.270 to 0.300
[0228] A sixth aspect of the present description is a sealable bag or package comprising a PVOH film as described in the present invention.
[0229] In any of the embodiments of the sixth aspect, the PVOH film is arranged as an outer wall of the bag or package.
[0230] In any of these embodiments of the sixth aspect, the bag or package may comprise a single compartment or a plurality of compartments, optionally with the outer walls of the entire bag or package comprising a PVOH film, according to the description, and further optionally with at least one inner wall also comprising a PVOH film according to the description. The PVOH film or films forming one or more outer walls of the bag or pack may be the same film or different films forming one or more inner walls of a multi-compartment bag or pack, and optionally are the same.
[0231] In any of the modalities of the sixth aspect, the resin selection index value can be in the range of 0.255 to 0.315, or 0.260 to 0.310, or 0.265 to 0.305, or 0.270 to 0.300, or 0.275 to 0.295, of preferably, 0.270 to 0.300.
[0232] A seventh aspect of the present description is a water soluble film having any suitable thickness, the water soluble film comprising at least 50% by weight of a PVOH resin such that when the film has a thickness of about 76 microns the film is characterized by: (a) a Dissolution Index of about 620 to about 920, or from about 665 to about 920, or about 710 to about 920; and (b) a Tensile Index of about 145 to about 626, or about 155 to about 480, or about 165 to about 325.
[0233] An eighth aspect of the present description is a bag comprising a PVOH film as described herein, for example in one or more of the first through the seventh aspect. The bag comprises at least one sealed compartment containing a first composition, wherein at least one wall of the at least one sealed compartment is made of a PVOH film as described herein, which is of any suitable thickness.
[0234] In some embodiments according to the eighth aspect of the present description, one or more of the following may be true: at least one wall of the bag is arranged as an outer wall of the bag; at least one wall is in contact with the first composition; the first composition was selected from the group of a liquid, a solid and mixtures thereof; and/or the first composition comprises by weight percentage about 1% to about 65% of the total anionic surfactant.
[0235] In some embodiments, according to the eighth aspect of the present description the bag further comprises a second sealed compartment containing a second composition, the second sealed compartment being in a generally superimposed relationship with the first sealed compartment, such so that the second sealed compartment and the first sealed compartment share an interior partition wall for the bag. The second composition is selected from a liquid, a solid, and mixtures thereof.
[0236] In some embodiments, in accordance with the eighth aspect of the present description, the bag further comprises a third sealed compartment containing a third composition, the third sealed compartment being in a generally superimposed relationship with the first sealed compartment of such so that the sealed third compartment and the sealed first compartment share an interior partition wall for the bag. The third composition of the bag is selected from a liquid, a solid, and mixtures thereof.
[0237] In some embodiments, according to the eighth aspect, the first composition and the second composition are selected from one or more of the following combinations: liquid, liquid; liquid, powder; powder, powder; and powder, liquid.
[0238] In some embodiments according to the eighth aspect, the first, second and third compositions are selected from one of the following combinations: solid, liquid, liquid and liquid, liquid, liquid.
[0239] A ninth aspect of the present description is a multi-compartment bag comprising at least a first sealed compartment containing a first composition, and a second sealed compartment containing a second composition, in which the second sealed compartment is in a generally superimposed relationship with the sealed first compartment, such that the sealed second compartment and the sealed first compartment share an internal partitioning wall for the bag; and at least one wall of each of the sealed first and second compartments is produced from a PVOH film as described in the present invention, for example in any one or more of the first to seventh aspects.
[0240] In some embodiments, according to the ninth aspect, the first composition and the second composition are selected from one or more of the following combinations: liquid, liquid; liquid, powder; powder, powder; and powder, liquid.
[0241] In any of the eighth, ninth or tenth aspects of the present description, the composition is selected from the group of: light duty liquid and heavy duty liquid detergent compositions, powder detergent compositions, hand washing dish detergent and/or machine wash; hard surface cleaning compositions, fabric enhancers, detergent gels commonly used for laundry washing, and laundry additives and bleaches, shampoos, and body washes.
[0242] Although specific embodiments of the present description have been illustrated and described, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

权利要求:
Claims (20)
[0001]
1. Containment bag comprising a first sealed compartment containing a first composition, characterized in that the first sealed compartment comprising at least one wall comprising a water soluble film having any suitable thickness, the water soluble film comprising: at least 50% by weight of a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) resin, the PVOH resin having an average viscosity in the range of about 13.5 cP to about 20 cP and a degree of hydrolysis in the range from about 84% to about 92%; and a film further having no more than 30% by weight of a PVOH polymer having an average viscosity less than about 11 cP; the film is further characterized by having a dissolution index in the range of about 620 to about 920 and a strain index in the range of about 145 to about 626 when the film has a thickness of about 76 microns. film is thermoformable.
[0002]
2. Containment bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the PVOH resin comprises a first PVOH polymer having a viscosity in the range of about 8 cP to about 40 cP and a second PVOH polymer having a viscosity in the range of about 10 cP to about 40 cP, where the viscosity of the first PVOH polymer is less than the viscosity of the second PVOH polymer.
[0003]
3. Containment bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the film additionally comprises about 1% to about 40% by weight of a plasticizer.
[0004]
4. Containment bag according to claim 3, characterized in that the plasticizer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of, glycerin, sorbitol, propylene glycol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, and a mixture thereof items.
[0005]
5. Containment bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the film additionally comprises a residual moisture content in the range of about 4% to about 10% by weight.
[0006]
6. Containment bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the film is additionally characterized by a tensile strength test value greater than about 20 seconds when the film has a thickness of 76 microns.
[0007]
7. Containment bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the resin is characterized by a resin selection index value in the range of 0.255 to 0.315.
[0008]
8. Containment bag, according to claim 1, characterized in that the first sealed compartment additionally comprises a different film.
[0009]
9. Containment bag, according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall comprising the water-soluble film is arranged as an outer wall of the bag.
[0010]
10. Containment bag, according to claim 1, characterized in that the first composition is selected from: a liquid detergent composition for light tasks; a heavy duty liquid detergent composition, a powdered detergent composition; a detergent composition for dishes and hand washing; a machine wash dish detergent composition; a hard surface cleaning composition; a tissue enhancer; a laundry detergent gel; a bleach and laundry additive; a shampoo; a liquid body soap; and a combination of them.
[0011]
11. Containment bag according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a second sealed compartment attached to the first compartment, the second sealed compartment containing a second composition.
[0012]
12. Containment bag, according to claim 11, characterized in that the first sealed compartment and the second sealed compartment are connected by a partitioning wall.
[0013]
13. Containment bag, according to claim 11, characterized in that it further comprises a third sealed compartment fixed either in the first sealed compartment or in the second sealed compartment, the third sealed compartment containing a third composition.
[0014]
14. Containment bag comprising a first sealed compartment containing a first composition, characterized in that the first sealed compartment comprising at least one wall comprising a water soluble film having any suitable thickness, the water soluble film comprising: at least 50% by weight of a PVOH resin, which has an average viscosity in the range of about 13.5 cP to about 20 cP and a degree of hydrolysis in the range of about 84% to about 90% ; the resin comprising a blend of the first and second PVOH polymers, the first PVOH polymer having a viscosity in the range of about 8 cP to about 40 cP, the second PVOH polymer having a viscosity in the range of about 10 cP at about 40 cP, and the viscosity of the first PVOH polymer being less than the viscosity of the second PVOH polymer; about 10% to about 40% by weight of a plasticizer; a residual moisture content of at least 4% by weight; and a film further having no more than 30% by weight of a PVOH polymer having an average viscosity less than about 11 cP; the film is further characterized by having a dissolution index in the range of about 620 to about 920 and a tension index of about 145 to about 626 when the film has a thickness of about 76 microns.
[0015]
15. Containment bag according to claim 14, characterized in that the first composition is selected from: a liquid detergent composition for light tasks; a heavy duty liquid detergent composition, a powdered detergent composition; a detergent composition for dishes and hand washing; a machine wash dish detergent composition; a hard surface cleaning composition; a tissue enhancer; a laundry detergent gel; a bleach and laundry additive; a shampoo; a liquid body soap; and a combination of them.
[0016]
16. Containment bag according to claim 14, characterized in that it further comprises a second sealed compartment, the first sealed compartment and the second sealed compartment being connected by a partitioning wall and the second sealed compartment contains a second composition.
[0017]
17. Containment bag according to claim 16, characterized in that it additionally comprises a third sealed compartment attached to either the first sealed compartment or the second sealed compartment, the third sealed compartment containing a third composition.
[0018]
18. Containment bag comprising a sealed first compartment containing a first composition, characterized in that the first sealed compartment comprising at least one wall comprising a water-soluble film having any suitable thickness, the water-soluble film comprising: at least 50% by weight of a PVOH resin characterized by a resin selection index value in the range of 0.255 to 0.315, the resin comprising a blend of the first and second PVOH polymers, the first PVOH polymer having a viscosity in the range of about 8 cP to about 40 cP, the second PVOH polymer having a viscosity in the range of about 10 cP to about 40 cP, and the viscosity of the first PVOH polymer being less than the viscosity of the second polymer of PVOH; about 10 to about 40% by weight of a plasticizer; and the film additionally containing no more than 30% by weight of a PVOH polymer having an average viscosity of less than about 11 cP; the film is further characterized by a dissolution index of about 620 to about 920 and a tension index of about 145 to about 626 when the film has a thickness of about 76 microns.
[0019]
19. Containment bag, according to claim 18, characterized in that the first composition is selected from: a liquid detergent composition for light tasks; a heavy duty liquid detergent composition, a powdered detergent composition; a detergent composition for dishes and hand washing; a machine wash dish detergent composition; a hard surface cleaning composition; a tissue enhancer; a laundry detergent gel; a bleach and laundry additive; a shampoo; a liquid body soap; and a combination of them.
[0020]
20. Containment bag according to claim 19, characterized in that it further comprises a second sealed compartment, the first sealed compartment and the second sealed compartment being connected by a partitioning wall and the second sealed compartment containing a second composition.

类似技术:

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WO2021158543A1|2020-02-04|2021-08-12|Nutrition & Biosciences USA 4, Inc.|Aqueous dispersions of insoluble alpha-glucan comprising alpha-1,3 glycosidic linkages|

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WO2021247699A1|2020-06-02|2021-12-09|Monosol, Llc|Water soluble fibers with post process modifications and articles containing same|

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WO2021247810A1|2020-06-04|2021-12-09|Nutrition & Biosciences USA 4, Inc.|Dextran-alpha-glucan graft copolymers and derivatives thereof|

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法律状态:
2020-09-08| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

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2020-09-24| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2021-02-09| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-05-04| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 10 (DEZ) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 04/05/2021, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US29983410P| true| 2010-01-29|2010-01-29|

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US29983610P| true| 2010-01-29|2010-01-29|

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US61/299,836|2010-01-29|

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US61/299,834|2010-01-29|

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PCT/US2011/023176|WO2011094687A1|2010-01-29|2011-01-31|Water-soluble film having improved dissolution and stress properties, and packets made therefrom|

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